µ±ÈËÃǸü¶àµØÈÏΪ×ÔÖ÷´´Ð¾ÍÊÇ´Ó¹©¸ø²ãÃæÔö¼Ó¼¼Êõ¡¢¹ÜÀíÒÔ¼°Öƶȵȷ½ÃæµÄ´´Ð²úƷʱ£¬À´×Ô¡°¹¤³Ìʦ֮¹ú¡±µÄÉùÒôÔòÇ¿µ÷£¬Ôö¼Ó¡°´´ÐÂÐèÇ󡱶ÔÓÚÍƶ¯²úÒµ´´Ð·¢Õ¹¸üÖØÒª¡£
Ç°²»¾Ã£¬¹úÄÚÒ»¼ÒýÌ忯ÔØÁËÒ»·ùÂþ»£¬»ÃæÉÏ£¬µ±Ìý˵ÖйúµÄ¿Æ¼¼ÈËÁ¦×ÊÔ´×ÜÁ¿Ô¼Îª3500ÍòÈË£¬¾ÓÊÀ½çµÚһ룬2006ÄêÖйúÑо¿¿ª·¢ÈËÔ±×ÜÁ¿Îª142ÍòÈË£¬½ö´ÎÓÚÃÀ¹úʱ£¬Åµ±´¶ûÏÈÉúÏԵ÷dz£¾ª²ï: ¡°ÄѵÀÖйúµÄ¿Æ¼¼´´ÐÂÒ²¿ªÊ¼¸ãÈ˺£Õ½ÊõÁË£¿¡±
ÕâÒ»ÔòÂþ»·¢±í֮ʱ£¬ÕýÖµ¡°Öйú¿Æ¼¼ÊµÁ¦½øÈëÈ«ÇòµÚÒ»·½Õó¡±ÕâÒ»Õñ·ÜÈËÐĵÄÏûÏ¢´«À´¡£µÄÈ·£¬Åµ±´¶ûÓÐÀíÓɲïÒ죬±»³ÆΪ¡°¹¤³Ìʦ֮¹ú¡±ÒÔ¼°¡°È«Çò×î¾ß´´ÐÂÁ¦µÄ¹ú¼Ò¡±£¬ËûµÄ¹ÊÏçÈðµä×ÜÈË¿Ú²»¹ý900Íò¡£
ÏÔÈ»£¬¿Æ¼¼ÈËÔ±ÊýÄ¿²¢²»µÈͬÓÚ´´ÐÂÄÜÁ¦£¬ÖйúµÄ¿Æ¼¼½ø²½ºÍ×ÔÖ÷´´Ð»¹ÓÐÌ«¶àؽÐëÌá¸ßÖ®´¦¡£×ÔÖ÷´´ÐÂ×Ô2005Äêµ×³ÉΪÖйúµÄ¹ú¼ÒÕ½ÂÔ£¬µ½½ñÌì²»¹ýÁ½Äê¡£ÎüÊÕ¹úÍâÏȽø¾Ñ飬½Å̤ʵµØµØ½¨¹¹Ò»¸öÓÐЧÌáÉýÕûÌå²úÒµ´´ÐÂÄÜÁ¦µÄ¹ú¼Ò´´ÐÂÌåϵ£¬ÊÇÖйú¿Æ¼¼´´ÐÂÕ½ÂÔÇ°¾°µÄ¹Ø¼üËùÔÚ¡£
ÔÚ½üÈÕ¾ÙÐеġ°Öйú-Èðµä¿Æ¼¼ÖÜ¡±ÉÏ£¬¡¶ÉÌÎñÖÜ¿¯¡··Ö±ð²É·ÃÁËÈðµä¸ß½ÌÓëÑо¿´ó³¼À˹¡¤À×ÓÀ²©¸ñ£¨Lars Leijonborg£©ºÍÈðµä¹ú¼Ò´´Ð¾Ö×ܸÉÊÂÅ塤°£Àï¿ËËÉ£¨Per Eriksson£©£¬Á½Î»Èðµä¿Æ¼¼¸ß¹Ù´ÓÕþ¸®²ãÃæÏêϸ½éÉÜÁËÈðµä´´Ð»úÖÆ¡£
·ö³ÖÐÍÕþ¸®
È«ÇòµÄDNAÑо¿Ê¼ÓÚ1953Ä꣬»¥ÁªÍøÑо¿Ê¼ÓÚ1960Äê´ú£¬¿ÉÒÔÏëÏ󣬵±ÄêûÓÐÈËÄÜÔ¤²âµ½ÕâÁ½´ó´´Ð¿ÉÄÜ´´ÔìµÄ¾Þ´óÊг¡¹æÄ£ºÍÕ½ÂÔÒâÒå¡£ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬Èç¹ûµ±³õûÓÐÕþ¸®²¿ÃŵĴóÁ¿Ñз¢×ʽðÖ§³Ö£¬ÎÒÃǽñÈÕÒ²²»¿ÉÄܽøÈ뻥ÁªÍøÓëÉúÎï»ùÒò¿Æ¼¼µÄʱ´ú¡£Óɴ˿ɼû£¬Ò»ÏîÇ°Õ°ÐÔ¼¼ÊõµÄÑз¢£¬ÓÉÓÚ½øÈëÉÌÆ·»¯Ó¦ÓõÄÖÜÆÚÂþ³¤ÒÔ¼°ºÜ¸ßµÄ·çÏÕÐÔÓ벻ȷ¶¨ÐÔ£¬³ý·ÇÕþ¸®Ö§³Ö£¬·ñÔò²»Ì«¿ÉÄÜÓÐÈκÎ˽ӪÆóÒµÔ¸Òâ³Ðµ£Èç´Ë¾Þ´óµÄ·çÏÕ¡£Õþ¸®ÔÚÒýÁì²úÒµ´´ÐÂËù°çÑݵÄÖØÒª½ÇÉ«¿É¼ûÒ»°ß¡£
À˹¡¤À×ÓÀ²©¸ñ½«ÈðµäÕþ¸®ÔÚ´´Ð»úÖÆÖаçÑݵĽÇÉ«¾ßÌå¹éÄÉΪ¡°»ù´¡Ñо¿µÄ·ö³ÖÕß¡¢Ò»¸öÓÐÀûµÄ´´Ð»·¾³µÄ½¨ÉèÕßÒÔ¼°´´ÐÂÕßÀûÒæµÄ±£»¤Õß¡±¡£
¡°ÖªÊ¶ÊÇÍƶ¯´´ÐµĻù´¡£¬ÓÉÓÚ»ù´¡ÖªÊ¶²»¾ß±¸¶ÌÆÚÄÚת»¯ÎªÉÌÒµÀûÈóµÄDZÁ¦£¬ÆóÒµÍùÍùȱ·¦Í¶Èë»ù´¡ÖªÊ¶Ñо¿µÄÈÈÇé¡£¡±À×ÓÀ²©¸ñ¶Ô¡¶ÉÌÎñÖÜ¿¯¡·Ëµ£¬¡°ÕâÒ»²¿·ÖÐèÒª¹«¹²²¿ÃźܴóµÄ×ʽðÖ§³Ö¡£¡±ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬ÈðµäÕþ¸®¶ÔÑз¢Ã¿ÄêÕ¼GDP½ü1%µÄ¹«¹²²ÆÕþͶÈëÖУ¬ºÜ´óÒ»²¿·Ö¾ÍͶÏòÁË´óѧ¼°ÆäËû¿ÆÑлú¹¹µÄ»ù´¡ÁìÓòÑо¿¡£
Èðµä¹ú¼Ò´´Ð¾֣¨Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems£¬¼ò³ÆVINNOVA£©ÊÇ´ú±íÈðµäÕþ¸®¹¹½¨´´ÐÂÌåÖƵľßÌåÖ´ÐÐÕß¡£VINNOVA×ܸÉÊÂÅ塤°£Àï¿ËËɽéÉÜ£¬ÈðµäÕþ¸®¶Ô´óѧ¼°ÆäËû¿ÆÑлú¹¹µÄÖ§³Ö;¾¶Óжþ£ºÒ»ÊÇÖ±½ÓµÄ×ʽðÖ§³Ö£¬¶þÊÇÉèÁ¢Ïà¹ØµÄ»ù½ð£¬ÓÉѧУºÍ¿ÆÑлú¹¹·Ö±ðÄóö¾ß¾ºÕùÁ¦µÄ¿ÆÑÐÏîÄ¿½øÐоºÕù£¬VINNOVA´Ó²úÒµºÍÉç»áÀûÒæ½Ç¶È¶ÔÆä½øÐÐÆÀ¹À²¢¾ö¶¨×ʽðµÄÊÚÓè¶ÔÏó¡£
¡°½«Ñ§Êõ¼°ÆäÄÚ²¿µÄÑз¢¶¯Á¦£¬ÓëÉÌÒµºÍ¹«ÖÚµÄÀûÒæÐèÇóÏà½áºÏ£¬²¢Ê¹Ö®³ÉΪÕâЩÑз¢ÏîÄ¿µÄºÏ×÷·½£¬¾ÍÊÇVINNOVAµÄÖ÷ÒªÈÎÎñ¡£¡±°£Àï¿ËËÉÕâÑù×ܽá×Ô¼ºµÄÖ°ÄÜ¡£
Ò»¸öÀíÏëµÄ´´Ð»·¾³£¬±ØÈ»µì»ùÓÚÍêÉƵÄ֪ʶÁ÷ͨÌåϵ£¬¹Ù²úѧÑÐÖ®¼äÐγɽôÃܵĺÏ×÷Óë½»Á÷£¬Ïà¹ØÕþ²ßÓë·¨¹æÄܹ»¹ÄÀø´´ÐÂÓë±£ÕÏ´´ÐÂÕßµÄÀûÒ棬ͬʱ»¹ÓзáÅæÓ뽡ȫµÄ·çÏÕ×ʽðÊг¡Ö§³Ö¡£Òò´Ë£¬½¨¹¹Ò»¸ö³ÉÊìÓÐЧµÄ´´Ð»·¾³£¬Ò²ÊÇÕþ¸®¹¤×÷µÄÖØÖÐÖ®ÖØ¡£VINNOVAÔÚÒ»¶¨³Ì¶ÈÉÏ£¬¾ÍÊÇÕâ¸ö´´Ð»·¾³µÄ¡°µÞÔìÕß¡±¡£ °£Àï¿ËËÉÏò¡¶ÉÌÎñÖÜ¿¯¡·½éÉÜ£¬Ò»·½Ã棬VINNOVAÆðµ½Ò»¸öÇÅÁºµÄ×÷Ó㬽«´óѧºÍ¿ÆÑлú¹¹µÄ»ù´¡¿ÆѧÑо¿Óë·õ»¯Æ÷µÈÉÌÒµ»¯ÏîÄ¿Á¬½ÓÔÚÒ»Æð£¬Ê¹ÕâЩÑо¿³É¹û»ñµÃ½øÒ»²½²úÒµ»¯ºÍÉÌÆ·»¯µÄ×ʽð£»VINNOVA»¹´ÓÆóÒµºÍ¹«ÖÚÐèÇóÈëÊÖ£¬Ö÷¶¯·¢ÆðÏîÄ¿£¬½»ÓÉÑз¢¹¤×÷Õß¿ªÕ¹ÒÔÊг¡ÐèÇóΪÇý¶¯µÄÑо¿¹¤×÷¡£¡°VINNOVAÓë´ó¹«Ë¾ÒÔ¼°ÖªÃûµÄ´óѧ˫·½µÄºÏ×÷Ò»Ö±ºÜºÃ¡£¡±Ëû˵¡£
°£Àï¿ËËɺÍÀ×ÓÀ²©¸ñͬʱ¶¼Ç¿µ÷ÁËÕþ¸®¡°±£»¤´´ÐÂÕßÀûÒ桱ÕâÒ»Ö°ÔðµÄÖØÒªÐÔ¡£¡°±£Ö¤Ñз¢¸öÈË»ñµÃ¹«Æ½µÄ»Ø±¨£¬ÊÇÕû¸ö´´Ð»úÖƵĹؼüËùÔÚ¡£¡±À×ÓÀ²©¸ñÈÏΪ£¬Èç¹û´´Ð³ɹûºÜÈÝÒ×±»ËûÈ˳Ϯģ·Â£¬µ¼Ö´´ÐÂÕߺÜÄÑ»ñÀû£¬ÄÇôÆóÒµ´´ÐµÄÒâÔ¸±ØÈ»µÍÂä¡£ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬ÃÀ¹úÕþ¸®¶ÔÓÚÆäÒ½Ò©ÒµµÄ±£»¤¾ÍÊÇÕâ·½ÃæµÄµäÐÍ£ºÍ¸¹ýÑϸñµÄרÀû·¨¹æ¡¢½Ï³¤µÄרÀûʱ¼äÒÔ¼°¿íËɵÄÒ©¼Û¹ÜÖÆÀ´±£»¤Ò©³§µÄ´´ÐÂÀûÒæ¡£ÃÀ¹úÒ©³§ÐÂÒ©¿ª·¢ÊýÁ¿Òò´Ë²ÅÄܳÖÐø¸ß¾ÓÊÀ½çµÚÒ»¡£
¡°¼´Ê¹ÊÇÄÇЩÓÉÎÒÃǵĹ«¹²²ÆÕþͶ×ʵÄÑз¢ÏîÄ¿£¬³É¹ûÈÔÈ»¹éÑз¢¸öÈË»òÆóÒµ¡£¡±°£Àï¿ËËɽéÉÜ£¬ÈðµäµÄ¼ÈÓз¨ÂɶÔ֪ʶ²úȨ×ö³öÁËÑϸñ±£»¤£¬Õþ¸®¾ø²»»á¸ÉÔ¤ÆäÖС£Ëû˵£º¡°Õþ¸®´Ó²úÒµ´´ÐÂÖлñµÃµÄ»Ø±¨ÊǾ¼ÃÔö³¤ºÍ¾ÍÒµÔö¼ÓËù´øÀ´µÄ·áºñË°½ð»Ø±¨£¬Õâ±£Ö¤ÁË¿ÉÒÔÐγÉÒ»¸öÍƶ¯²úÒµ´´Ð»µÄÕýÏòÑ»·¡£¡±
ÖÐСÆóÒµµÄ´´ÐÂÄÑÌâ
³É¹¦µÄ´´Ð²»½öÄܹ»´´Ôì³ö¸»ÓÐȤζµÄ²úÆ·£¬¶øÇÒÒ²ÄÜÅàÓý³öß³ßå·çÔƵĴóÆóÒµ¡£ÀûÀÖµÄÎÞ¾ú°üװϵͳ¡¢°®Á¢ÐŵÄÒƶ¯µç»°Í¨Ðż¼ÊõÒÔ¼°ABBµÄ¸ßѹֱÁ÷µç¼¼ÊõµÈ£¬¶¼Ê¹µÃÕâЩÈðµäÆóÒµÔÚ¸÷×ÔÁìÓòÀï¶ÀÊ÷Ò»ÖÄ¡£ÈðµäµÄ¿ç¹ú´óÆóÒµºÜºÃµØʵÏÖÁËÔÚ¹ú¼ÊÊг¡ÉϽ«´´Ð¼¼ÊõÄÜÁ¦ÓëÉÌÒµ»¯²Ù×÷ͬÐв¢½ø¡£À×ÓÀ²©¸ñ̹ÑÔ£º¡°4ÄêÇ°£¬ABB¼¸½üÆƲú£¬³ýÁËÇ°ÈÎCEO¶ÅÂü´óµ¶À«¸«µÄ¸Ä¸ïÖ®Í⣬ABB³ÖÐøµÄ´´ÐÂÁ¦Ò²³ÉΪÆäÒÙÁ¢²»µ¹µÄÖØÒªÔÒòÖ®Ò»¡£¡±
Ïà±È½Ï´óÆóÒµÍêÉƵÄÑз¢»úÖƺÍÓ¦¶ÔÊг¡Ñ¹Á¦¶øÃÈÉúµÄ´´ÐÂÈÈÇ飬ÈðµäµÄÖÐСÆóÒµÏÔȻͶÈë²»×㣬ÕâÒ²³ÉΪÁËÈðµäÕþ¸®Ä¿Ç°Óöµ½µÄÖ÷ÒªÎÊÌâ¡£°£Àï¿ËËÉÈÏΪ£¬¡°¾¼ÃµÄÈ«Çò»¯·¢Õ¹¸øÖÐСÆóÒµ´øÀ´ÁË»úÓöºÍÍþв£¬²»·¢Õ¹×Ô¼ºµÄÑз¢ÄÜÁ¦£¬¾Í±ØÈ»ÃæÁÙ¸ü´óµÄ·çÏÕ¡£¡±ÔÚ°£Àï¿ËËɺÍÀ×ÓÀ²©¸ñ¿´À´£¬ÈçºÎ¼¤·¢ÖÐСÆóҵͶ×ÊÑз¢µÄÈÈÇ飬Êǽ¡È«Èðµä´´Ð»úÖƵÄÖØÒª»·½Ú¡£
°£Àï¿ËËÉÏò¡¶ÉÌÎñÖÜ¿¯¡·½éÉÜ£¬VINNOVAÏòÃÀ¹úѧϰÁËÒ»Ì×ÃûΪ¡°ÖÐСÆóÒµ´´ÐÂÑз¢ÏîÄ¿¡±µÄģʽ£¬ÓÉÕþ¸®ºÍÖÐСÆóÒµ¹²Í¬Í¶×ʽøÐÐÑз¢¡£¸ÃÏîÄ¿×Ô2005Ä꿪ʼʵÐУ¬¾¹ýÒ»ÄêµÄÔËÐУ¬°£Àï¿ËËÉ¿´µ½ÁËÖÐСÆóÒµµÄ¡°¾Þ´ó±ä»¯¡±¡ª¡ª´óÅúÖÐСÆóҵϣÍûÄܹ»ÉêÇëµ½¸ÃÏîÄ¿×ʽ𡣡°Ñз¢±¾Éí¾ßÓеĸ߷çÏÕÓ벻ȷ¶¨ÐÔ£¬³£³£»á×è°ÆóÒµÓÈÆäÊÇÖÐСÆóÒµ´´ÐµÄÒâÔ¸£¬»ò²»Ò×È¡µÃ´´ÐÂËùÐèÒªµÄ×ʽð£¬Òò´ËÕþ¸®Ó¦¸ÃÔÚ´Ë°çÑÝÐÖúÆóÒµÑз¢µÄ½ÇÉ«£¬¡±°£Àï¿ËËÉÈÏΪ¡£¸ÃÏîÄ¿µÄʵʩ£¬Ê¹µÃÖÐСÆóÒµ»ñµÃÁËÆô¶¯Ñз¢µÄ×ʽ𣬲¢ÔÚÓëÕþ¸®¹²Í¬Í¶×ÊÖнµµÍÁË·çÏÕ£¬ÆóÒµµÄ»ý¼«ÐÔÉÏÕÇÊÇ×ÔÈ»µÄ½á¹û¡£